{"id":573,"date":"2026-07-21T05:08:57","date_gmt":"2026-07-21T05:08:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kimia-majateng.online\/wordpress\/?page_id=573"},"modified":"2026-07-21T05:09:43","modified_gmt":"2026-07-21T05:09:43","slug":"larutan-elektrolit-dan-non-elektrolit","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/kimia-majateng.online\/wordpress\/e-konten\/larutan-elektrolit-dan-non-elektrolit\/","title":{"rendered":"Larutan Elektrolit dan Non Elektrolit"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Larutan Elektrolit dan Non Elektrolit\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/EgQsNVOCO0g?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"id\">\n<head>\n    <meta charset=\"UTF-8\">\n    <style>\n        .study-guide {\n            font-family: 'Segoe UI', Arial, sans-serif;\n            line-height: 1.6;\n            color: #2c3e50;\n            max-width: 850px;\n            margin: 20px auto;\n            background: #fff;\n            padding: 30px;\n            border-radius: 15px;\n            box-shadow: 0 4px 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);\n            border-top: 8px solid #3498db;\n        }\n        .header {\n            text-align: center;\n            background: #f8f9fa;\n            padding: 20px;\n            border-radius: 10px;\n            margin-bottom: 25px;\n        }\n        .header h1 { color: #2980b9; margin: 0; }\n        .header p { font-style: italic; color: #7f8c8d; }\n        \n        h2 { \n            color: #2c3e50; \n            border-bottom: 2px solid #ecf0f1; \n            padding-bottom: 5px;\n            margin-top: 30px;\n        }\n        \n        .box-container {\n            display: flex;\n            gap: 15px;\n            margin-bottom: 20px;\n            flex-wrap: wrap;\n        }\n        .card {\n            flex: 1;\n            min-width: 250px;\n            padding: 15px;\n            border-radius: 10px;\n            color: white;\n        }\n        .bg-blue { background: #3498db; }\n        .bg-green { background: #27ae60; }\n        .bg-gray { background: #7f8c8d; }\n\n        .concept-table {\n            width: 100%;\n            border-collapse: collapse;\n            margin: 20px 0;\n            background: #fff;\n        }\n        .concept-table th, .concept-table td {\n            border: 1px solid #ddd;\n            padding: 12px;\n            text-align: center;\n        }\n        .concept-table th { background: #34495e; color: white; }\n        .concept-table tr:nth-child(even) { background: #f2f2f2; }\n\n        .formula-zone {\n            background: #fff5e6;\n            border: 2px dashed #f39c12;\n            padding: 20px;\n            border-radius: 10px;\n            text-align: center;\n            margin: 20px 0;\n        }\n        .formula { font-size: 1.2em; font-weight: bold; color: #d35400; }\n        \n        .highlight-box {\n            background: #e8f4fd;\n            border-left: 6px solid #3498db;\n            padding: 15px;\n            margin: 20px 0;\n            border-radius: 0 10px 10px 0;\n        }\n    <\/style>\n<\/head>\n<body>\n\n<div class=\"study-guide\">\n    <div class=\"header\">\n        <h1>Larutan Elektrolit &#038; Non-Elektrolit<\/h1>\n        <p>Panduan Cepat Kimia untuk Siswa SMA\/MA<\/p>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <h2>1. Apa itu Larutan?<\/h2>\n    <p><strong>Larutan<\/strong> adalah campuran homogen yang memiliki komposisi zat penyusun yang sama di seluruh bagiannya [1, 2]. Terdiri dari:<\/p>\n    <ul>\n        <li><strong>Zat Terlarut (Solute):<\/strong> Jumlahnya lebih sedikit [1].<\/li>\n        <li><strong>Zat Pelarut (Solvent):<\/strong> Jumlahnya lebih banyak (biasanya air) [1, 2].<\/li>\n    <\/ul>\n\n    <h2>2. Klasifikasi Berdasarkan Daya Hantar Listrik<\/h2>\n    <p>Larutan dibedakan menjadi dua jenis utama berdasarkan kemampuannya menghantarkan arus listrik [1, 3]:<\/p>\n\n    <div class=\"box-container\">\n        <div class=\"card bg-blue\">\n            <h3>Elektrolit Kuat<\/h3>\n            <p>Terionisasi sempurna dalam air. Arus listrik mengalir sangat kuat karena jumlah ion sangat banyak [1, 4].<\/p>\n            <p><em>Contoh: HCl, NaOH, NaCl [5, 6].<\/em><\/p>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"card bg-green\">\n            <h3>Elektrolit Lemah<\/h3>\n            <p>Terionisasi sebagian. Arus listrik mengalir lemah karena jumlah ion hanya sedikit [1, 4, 7].<\/p>\n            <p><em>Contoh: CH3COOH, NH4OH [1, 7].<\/em><\/p>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"card bg-gray\">\n            <h3>Non-Elektrolit<\/h3>\n            <p>Tidak terionisasi sama sekali. Tidak dapat menghantarkan listrik [1, 4, 8].<\/p>\n            <p><em>Contoh: Gula (C6H12O6), Alkohol (C2H5OH) [1, 3, 9].<\/em><\/p>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <h2>3. Tabel Perbandingan Ciri-Ciri<\/h2>\n    <table class=\"concept-table\">\n        <thead>\n            <tr>\n                <th>Fitur<\/th>\n                <th>Elektrolit Kuat<\/th>\n                <th>Elektrolit Lemah<\/th>\n                <th>Non-Elektrolit<\/th>\n            <\/tr>\n        <\/thead>\n        <tbody>\n            <tr>\n                <td><strong>Derajat Ionisasi (&alpha;)<\/strong><\/td>\n                <td>&alpha; = 1<\/td>\n                <td>0 < &alpha; < 1<\/td>\n                <td>&alpha; = 0<\/td>\n            <\/tr>\n            <tr>\n                <td><strong>Lampu Percobaan<\/strong><\/td>\n                <td>Menyala Terang<\/td>\n                <td>Redup \/ Mati<\/td>\n                <td>Tidak Menyala<\/td>\n            <\/tr>\n            <tr>\n                <td><strong>Gelembung Gas<\/strong><\/td>\n                <td>Sangat Banyak<\/td>\n                <td>Sedikit<\/td>\n                <td>Tidak Ada<\/td>\n            <\/tr>\n            <tr>\n                <td><strong>Ikatan Kimia<\/strong><\/td>\n                <td>Ionis \/ Kovalen Polar<\/td>\n                <td>Kovalen Polar<\/td>\n                <td>Kovalen Non-Polar<\/td>\n            <\/tr>\n        <\/tbody>\n    <\/table>\n\n    <div class=\"highlight-box\">\n        <strong>Mengapa Elektrolit Bisa Menghantarkan Listrik?<\/strong><br>\n        Listrik dihantarkan oleh <strong>ion-ion yang bergerak bebas<\/strong> di dalam larutan [7, 10]. Pada senyawa ionik, kristal terpecah menjadi ion, sedangkan pada senyawa kovalen polar, molekul terionisasi akibat gaya tarik antarmolekul air [5, 10].\n    <\/div>\n\n    <h2>4. Menghitung Derajat Ionisasi (&alpha;)<\/h2>\n    <p>Derajat ionisasi menunjukkan tingkat kesempurnaan proses penguraian zat menjadi ion-ionnya [10, 11].<\/p>\n    <div class=\"formula-zone\">\n        <p>Rumus Derajat Ionisasi:<\/p>\n        <div class=\"formula\">&alpha; = mol zat yang terionisasi \/ mol zat awal<\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <h2>5. Persamaan Reaksi Ionisasi<\/h2>\n    <ul>\n        <li><strong>Elektrolit Kuat (Satu Arah):<\/strong> <br>\n            <code>NaCl(aq) &rarr; Na<sup>+<\/sup>(aq) + Cl<sup>&minus;<\/sup>(aq)<\/code> [1, 8]\n        <\/li>\n        <li><strong>Elektrolit Lemah (Kesetimbangan\/Dua Arah):<\/strong> <br>\n            <code>CH3COOH(aq) &rightleftharpoons; CH3COO<sup>&minus;<\/sup>(aq) + H<sup>+<\/sup>(aq)<\/code> [1, 12]\n        <\/li>\n    <\/ul>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<\/body>\n<\/html>\n\n\n\n<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"id\">\n<head>\n    <meta charset=\"UTF-8\">\n    <meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0\">\n    <title>Laboratorium Virtual Kimia SMA<\/title>\n    <style>\n        :root {\n            --lab-bg: #ecf0f1;\n            --panel-bg: #34495e;\n            --text-color: #2c3e50;\n            --accent: #3498db;\n        }\n        body { font-family: 'Segoe UI', Tahoma, sans-serif; background: var(--lab-bg); margin: 0; display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: center; }\n        \n        header { background: var(--panel-bg); color: white; width: 100%; text-align: center; padding: 15px 0; box-shadow: 0 4px 10px rgba(0,0,0,0.2); }\n        \n        .lab-wrapper { display: flex; gap: 20px; padding: 20px; max-width: 1000px; width: 100%; flex-wrap: wrap; justify-content: center; }\n        \n        \/* Area Eksperimen *\/\n        .experiment-area { background: white; border-radius: 15px; padding: 30px; flex: 2; min-width: 400px; position: relative; border: 3px solid #bdc3c7; display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: center; min-height: 450px; }\n        \n        .beaker { width: 180px; height: 220px; border: 5px solid #7f8c8d; border-top: none; border-radius: 0 0 30px 30px; position: relative; background: rgba(255,255,255,0.5); overflow: hidden; margin-top: 50px; }\n        .liquid { position: absolute; bottom: 0; width: 100%; height: 70%; background: #d1d8e0; transition: background 0.5s; }\n        \n        \/* Elektroda & Lampu *\/\n        .circuit { position: absolute; top: 10px; display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: center; }\n        .bulb { width: 60px; height: 60px; background: #95a5a6; border-radius: 50%; border: 3px solid #7f8c8d; transition: 0.3s; position: relative; }\n        .bulb.on { background: #f1c40f; box-shadow: 0 0 40px #f1c40f; border-color: #f39c12; }\n        .electrodes { display: flex; gap: 40px; margin-top: 10px; }\n        .electrode { width: 10px; height: 160px; background: #2c3e50; border-radius: 5px; position: relative; }\n        \n        \/* Animasi Gelembung *\/\n        .bubbles { position: absolute; bottom: 10px; width: 100%; display: none; justify-content: space-around; }\n        .bubble { width: 8px; height: 8px; background: rgba(255,255,255,0.7); border-radius: 50%; animation: rise 1s infinite; }\n        @keyframes rise { 0% { transform: translateY(0); opacity: 1; } 100% { transform: translateY(-100px); opacity: 0; } }\n\n        \/* Panel Kontrol *\/\n        .control-panel { background: var(--panel-bg); color: white; border-radius: 15px; padding: 20px; flex: 1; min-width: 250px; box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(0,0,0,0.1); }\n        .control-panel h3 { border-bottom: 2px solid var(--accent); padding-bottom: 5px; }\n        .btn-group { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 10px; margin-bottom: 20px; }\n        button { padding: 10px; cursor: pointer; border: none; border-radius: 5px; background: #4b6584; color: white; transition: 0.2s; font-weight: bold; }\n        button:hover { background: var(--accent); }\n        button.active { background: var(--accent); box-shadow: inset 0 0 5px rgba(0,0,0,0.5); }\n\n        .result-box { background: #2c3e50; padding: 15px; border-radius: 10px; font-size: 0.9em; line-height: 1.4; border-left: 5px solid var(--accent); }\n        .formula { font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; color: #f1c40f; font-weight: bold; }\n    <\/style>\n<\/head>\n<body>\n\n<header>\n    <h1>Chemistry Virtual Lab: Uji Larutan<\/h1>\n    <p>Materi: Konsentrasi &#038; Daya Hantar Listrik (Kurikulum Merdeka)<\/p>\n<\/header>\n\n<div class=\"lab-wrapper\">\n    <!-- Visualisasi Utama -->\n    <div class=\"experiment-area\">\n        <div class=\"circuit\">\n            <div id=\"bulb\" class=\"bulb\"><\/div>\n            <div class=\"electrodes\">\n                <div class=\"electrode\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"electrode\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"beaker\">\n            <div id=\"liquid\" class=\"liquid\"><\/div>\n            <div id=\"bubbles\" class=\"bubbles\">\n                <div class=\"bubble\" style=\"animation-delay: 0.1s\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"bubble\" style=\"animation-delay: 0.4s\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"bubble\" style=\"animation-delay: 0.2s\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"bubble\" style=\"animation-delay: 0.6s\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <p id=\"label-zat\" style=\"font-weight:bold; margin-top:15px; color:#7f8c8d;\">Pilih zat untuk memulai<\/p>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- Kontrol -->\n    <div class=\"control-panel\">\n        <h3>Pilih Larutan:<\/h3>\n        <div class=\"btn-group\">\n            <button onclick=\"test('nacl', 'NaCl (Garam Dapur)', '#ecf0f1', 'strong', 'NaCl \u2192 Na\u207a + Cl\u207b')\">NaCl 1.0 M<\/button>\n            <button onclick=\"test('hcl', 'HCl (Asam Kuat)', '#ecf0f1', 'strong', 'HCl \u2192 H\u207a + Cl\u207b')\">HCl 0.5 M<\/button>\n            <button onclick=\"test('ch3cooh', 'CH3COOH (Cuka)', '#f9ca24', 'weak', 'CH3COOH \u21cc CH3COO\u207b + H\u207a')\">CH3COOH 0.1 M<\/button>\n            <button onclick=\"test('gula', 'C12H22O11 (Gula)', '#ecf0f1', 'none', '-')\">Larutan Gula<\/button>\n            <button onclick=\"test('alkohol', 'C2H5OH (Alkohol)', '#ecf0f1', 'none', '-')\">Alkohol 70%<\/button>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <h3>Data Observasi:<\/h3>\n        <div class=\"result-box\">\n            <div id=\"obs-text\">Belum ada data.<\/div>\n            <div id=\"formula-text\" class=\"formula\" style=\"margin-top:10px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <button onclick=\"resetLab()\" style=\"margin-top:20px; width:100%; background:#eb4d4b;\">Bersihkan Alat<\/button>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<script>\n    function test(id, name, color, type, formula) {\n        const bulb = document.getElementById('bulb');\n        const liquid = document.getElementById('liquid');\n        const bubbles = document.getElementById('bubbles');\n        const label = document.getElementById('label-zat');\n        const obs = document.getElementById('obs-text');\n        const formDisp = document.getElementById('formula-text');\n\n        \/\/ Reset visual\n        bulb.classList.remove('on');\n        bubbles.style.display = 'none';\n        \n        \/\/ Update Zat\n        liquid.style.background = color;\n        label.innerText = \"Menguji: \" + name;\n\n        if (type === 'strong') {\n            bulb.classList.add('on');\n            bubbles.style.display = 'flex';\n            obs.innerHTML = \"<strong>Hasil:<\/strong> Elektrolit Kuat.<br>Lampu menyala terang dan banyak gelembung gas (Derajat Ionisasi \u03b1 = 1).\";\n            formDisp.innerText = \"Reaksi: \" + formula;\n        } else if (type === 'weak') {\n            bulb.classList.add('on');\n            bulb.style.opacity = \"0.5\"; \/\/ Nyala redup\n            bubbles.style.display = 'flex';\n            obs.innerHTML = \"<strong>Hasil:<\/strong> Elektrolit Lemah.<br>Lampu menyala redup\/mati dan sedikit gelembung (0 < \u03b1 < 1).\";\n            formDisp.innerText = \"Reaksi: \" + formula;\n        } else {\n            bulb.style.opacity = \"1\";\n            obs.innerHTML = \"<strong>Hasil:<\/strong> Non-Elektrolit.<br>Lampu tidak menyala dan tidak ada gelembung (\u03b1 = 0).\";\n            formDisp.innerText = \"Zat ini tidak terionisasi.\";\n        }\n    }\n\n    function resetLab() {\n        location.reload();\n    }\n<\/script>\n\n<\/body>\n<\/html>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Larutan Elektrolit &#038; Non-Elektrolit Panduan Cepat Kimia untuk Siswa SMA\/MA 1. Apa itu Larutan? Larutan adalah campuran homogen yang memiliki<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":55,"menu_order":2,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"no_sidebar_full_width","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"right_sidebar","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-573","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kimia-majateng.online\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/573","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kimia-majateng.online\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kimia-majateng.online\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kimia-majateng.online\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kimia-majateng.online\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=573"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/kimia-majateng.online\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/573\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":581,"href":"https:\/\/kimia-majateng.online\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/573\/revisions\/581"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kimia-majateng.online\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/55"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kimia-majateng.online\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=573"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}